@article{HirschmuellerFreyDeibertetal.2010,
  author    = {Hirschmueller, Anja and Frey, Virginie and Deibert, Peter and Konstantinidis, Lukas and Mayer, Frank and Suedkamp, Norbert and Helwig, Peter},
  title     = {Powerdopplersonografische Befunde der Achillessehnen von 953 Langstreckenlaeufern : eine Querschnittsstudie},
  issn      = {0172-4614},
  doi       = {10.1055/s-0029-1245189},
  year      = {2010},
  abstract  = {Aim: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the frequency of tendinopathy-typical Doppler sonographic changes in the Achilles tendons of long distance runners and to correlate these findings with anamnestic and anthropometric data of the subjects. Materials and Methods: 1906 Achilles tendons of 953 long distance runners were examined by ultrasound and power Doppler (Toshiba Aplio SSA-770A/80 12 MHz). Ultrasound images (spindle-shaped thickening, hypoechoic/hyperechoic lesions, neovascularizations) were analyzed in relation to the runners' anthropometrical data and history of Achilles tendon complaints. Results: In asymptomatic runners as well as in the overall group, there was a statistically significant correlation between tendon thickness and age, height and weight (CC 0.24 - 0.38, p < 0.001). Runners with current or healed Achilles tendon complaints displayed a statistically significant thickening of the tendons, as well as an increase in hypoechoic lesions and neovascularizations (p < 0.001). While grayscale abnormalities were rarely found in asymptomatic runners (< 10\%), neovascularization was detected in 35\% of healthy test persons using the high-resolution power Doppler "Advanced Dynamic Flow". Conclusion: Contrary to frequent assumption, neovascularization is often found in tendons of asymptomatic runners, using modern power Doppler equipment. The pathological relevance of single microvessels in asymptomatic tendons must, therefore, be critically discussed.},
  language  = {de}
}
@article{MuellerBaurHirschmuelleretal.2006,
  author    = {M{\"u}ller, Steffen and Baur, Heiner and Hirschmueller, Anja and Mayer, Frank},
  title     = {Validit{\"a}t des COP-Verlaufes zur Quantifizierung der funktionalen Gangentwicklung bei Kindern},
  year      = {2006},
  abstract  = {Functional gait development in children is discussed controversially. Differentiated information about the roll- over process of the foot, represented by the "Center of Pressure" (COP), are still missing. The purpose of the study was the validation of the COP-path to quantify the functional gait development of children. Plantar pressure distribution was measured barefoot with an individual speed on a walkway (tartan) - in 255 children aged between 2 and 15 years. The medial and lateral area enclosed between the COP-path and the bisection of plantar angle (A(med), A(lat), Sigma: A(ml)) was calculated from plantar pressure data. Furthermore, the duration of the COP-path in the heel (COPtimeF), midfoot (COPtimeM) and forefoot (COPtimeV) was analysed. The load distribution under the medial and lateral forefoot was also calculated. The variation coefficient (VC) was calculated as a measure of interindividual variability. The medio-lateral divergency of the COP (Aml) initially decreases with advancing age (-20.2\%), followed by a continuous increase (+27.2\%). No changes in VC (A(med), A(lat), and A(ml)) appeared during age-related development. COPtimeM remains constant in all children over time. In contrast to COPtimeM, Cop(time)F decreases from youngest to oldest children (-31.0\%), and COPtimeV increases (+41.7\%). After initial descent up to 8 years of age, VC (COPtimeF, COPtimeM, COPtimeV) remains constant. The mediolateral load under the forefoot did not change. The COP-Path is able to characterise the functional gait development of children. VC values indicate high individual variability of gait pattern. In this context, age-based standard values should be critically discussed},
  language  = {de}
}