@article{HalamekMakowerKnoescheetal.2005,
  author    = {Halamek, Jan and Makower, Alexander and Kn{\"o}sche, Kristina and Skladal, Petr and Scheller, Frieder W.},
  title     = {Piezoelectric affinity sensors for cocaine and cholinesterase inhibitors},
  year      = {2005},
  abstract  = {We report here the development of piezoelectric affinity sensors for cocaine and cholinesterase inhibitors based on the formation of affinity complexes between an immobilized cocaine derivative and an anti-cocaine antibody or cholinesterase. For both binding reactions benzoylecgonine-1,8-diamino-3,4-dioxaoctane (BZE-DADOO) was immobilized on the surface of the sensor. For immobilization. pre-conjugated BZE-DADOO with 11-mercaptomonoundecanoic acid (MUA) via 2- (5-norbornen-2,3-dicarboximide)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium-tetrafluoro borate (TNTU) allowed the formation of a chemisorbed monolayer on the piezosensor surface. The detection of cocaine was based oil a competitive assay. The change of frequency measured after 300 s of the binding reaction was used as the signal. The maximum binding of the antibody resulted in a frequency decrease of 35 Hz (with an imprecision 3\%, n = 3) while the presence of 100 pmol I-1 cocaine decreased the binding by 11\%. The limit of detection was consequently below 100 pmol I-1 for cocaine. The total time of one analysis was 15 min. This BZE-DADOO-modified sensor was adapted for the detection of organophosphates. BZE-DADOO - a competitive inhibitor - served as binding element for cholinesterase in a competitive assay. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{KnoescheHalamekMakoweretal.2003,
  author    = {Kn{\"o}sche, Kristina and Hal{\´a}mek, Jan and Makower, Alexander and Fournier, Didier and Scheller, Frieder W.},
  title     = {Molecular recognition of cocaine by acetylcholinesterases for affinity purification and bio-sensing},
  year      = {2003},
  language  = {en}
}