@article{ScheallSchumacher2018, author = {Scheall, Scott and Schumacher, Reinhard}, title = {Karl Menger as Son of Carl Menger}, series = {History of political economy}, volume = {50}, journal = {History of political economy}, number = {4}, publisher = {Duke Univ. Press}, address = {Durham}, issn = {0018-2702}, doi = {10.1215/00182702-7202512}, pages = {649 -- 678}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Relatively little is known about the relationship between Carl Menger, founder of the Austrian school of economics, and his son, Karl Menger, the mathematician, geometer, logician, and philosopher of science, whose mathematical colloquium at the University of Vienna was essential for the development of mathematical economics. Based on Karl Menger's diaries and correspondence, the present paper considers the development and struggles of the young Karl Menger, focusing on the years 1919-23, when Vienna was a vanquished city. We discuss the various relations within the Menger family and their significance for Karl Menger's intellectual development. Additionally, we consider his acquaintances with economists such as Knut Wicksell, David Davidson, and Eli Heckscher as well as the younger Menger's work in economics. We shed new light on his editorship of the second edition of his father's Grunds{\"a}tze der Volkswirtschaftslehre.}, language = {en} } @article{PaganelliSchumacher2018, author = {Paganelli, Maria Pia and Schumacher, Reinhard}, title = {The vigorous and doux soldier}, series = {History of European ideas}, volume = {44}, journal = {History of European ideas}, number = {8}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {0191-6599}, doi = {10.1080/01916599.2018.1509225}, pages = {1141 -- 1152}, year = {2018}, abstract = {If war is an inevitable condition of human nature, as David Hume suggests, then what type of societies can best protect us from defeat and conquest? For David Hume, commerce decreases the relative cost of war and promotes technological military advances as well as martial spirit. Commerce therefore makes a country militarily stronger and better equipped to protect itself against attacks than any other kind of society. Hume does not assume commerce would yield a peaceful world nor that commercial societies would be militarily weak, as many contemporary scholars have argued. On the contrary, for him, military might is a beneficial consequence of commerce.}, language = {en} } @article{PaganelliSchumacher2018, author = {Paganelli, Maria Pia and Schumacher, Reinhard}, title = {Do not take peace for granted}, series = {Cambridge journal of economics}, volume = {43}, journal = {Cambridge journal of economics}, number = {3}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {0309-166X}, doi = {10.1093/cje/bey040}, pages = {785 -- 797}, year = {2018}, abstract = {Is trade a promoter of peace? Adam Smith, one of the earliest defenders of trade, worries that commerce may instigate some perverse incentives, encouraging wars. The wealth that commerce generates decreases the relative cost of wars, increases the ability to finance wars through debts, which decreases their perceived cost, and increases the willingness of commercial interests to use wars to extend their markets, increasing the number and prolonging the length of wars. Smith, therefore, cannot assume that trade would yield a peaceful world. While defending and promoting trade, Smith warns us not to take peace for granted.}, language = {en} }