@article{YanJosefHuangetal.2019,
  author    = {Yan, Runyu and Josef, Elinor and Huang, Haijian and Leus, Karen and Niederberger, Markus and Hofmann, Jan P. and Walczak, Ralf and Antonietti, Markus and Oschatz, Martin},
  title     = {Understanding the charge storage mechanism to achieve high capacity and fast ion storage in sodium-ion capacitor anodes by using electrospun nitrogen-doped carbon fibers},
  series = {Advanced functional materials},
  volume    = {29},
  journal   = {Advanced functional materials},
  number    = {26},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {1616-301X},
  doi       = {10.1002/adfm.201902858},
  pages     = {13},
  year      = {2019},
  abstract  = {Microporous nitrogen-rich carbon fibers (HAT-CNFs) are produced by electrospinning a mixture of hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) and polyvinylpyrrolidone and subsequent thermal condensation. Bonding motives, electronic structure, content of nitrogen heteroatoms, porosity, and degree of carbon stacking can be controlled by the condensation temperature due to the use of the HAT-CN with predefined nitrogen binding motives. The HAT-CNFs show remarkable reversible capacities (395 mAh g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1)) and rate capabilities (106 mAh g(-1) at 10 A g(-1)) as an anode material for sodium storage, resulting from the abundant heteroatoms, enhanced electrical conductivity, and rapid charge carrier transport in the nanoporous structure of the 1D fibers. HAT-CNFs also serve as a series of model compounds for the investigation of the contribution of sodium storage by intercalation and reversible binding on nitrogen sites at different rates. There is an increasing contribution of intercalation to the charge storage with increasing condensation temperature which becomes less active at high rates. A hybrid sodium-ion capacitor full cell combining HAT-CNF as the anode and salt-templated porous carbon as the cathode provides remarkable performance in the voltage range of 0.5-4.0 V (95 Wh kg(-1) at 0.19 kW kg(-1) and 18 Wh kg(-1) at 13 kW kg(-1)).},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{HwangZhangYouketal.2021,
  author    = {Hwang, Jinyeon and Zhang, Wuyong and Youk, Sol and Schutjajew, Konstantin and Oschatz, Martin},
  title     = {Understanding structure-property relationships under experimental conditions for the optimization of lithium-ion capacitor anodes based on all-carbon-composite materials},
  series = {Energy technology : generation, conversion, storage, distribution},
  volume    = {9},
  journal   = {Energy technology : generation, conversion, storage, distribution},
  number    = {3},
  publisher = {Wiley-VCH},
  address   = {Weinheim},
  issn      = {2194-4296},
  doi       = {10.1002/ente.202001054},
  pages     = {8},
  year      = {2021},
  abstract  = {The nanoscale combination of a conductive carbon and a carbon-based material with abundant heteroatoms for battery electrodes is a method to overcome the limitation that the latter has high affinity to alkali metal ions but low electronic conductivity. The synthetic protocol and the individual ratios and structures are important aspects influencing the properties of such multifunctional compounds. Their interplay is, herein, investigated by infiltration of a porous ZnO-templated carbon (ZTC) with nitrogen-rich carbon obtained by condensation of hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) at 550-1000 degrees C. The density of lithiophilic sites can be controlled by HAT-CN content and condensation temperature. Lithium storage properties are significantly improved in comparison with those of the individual compounds and their physical mixtures. Depending on the uniformity of the formed composite, loading ratio and condensation temperature have different influence. Most stable operation at high capacity per used monomer is achieved with a slowly dried composite with an HAT-CN:ZTC mass ratio of 4:1, condensed at 550 degrees C, providing more than 400 mAh g(-1) discharge capacity at 0.1 A g(-1) and a capacity retention of 72\% after 100 cycles of operation at 0.5 A g(-1) due to the homogeneity of the composite and high content of lithiophilic sites.},
  language  = {en}
}