@article{AllroggenTronicke2016,
  author    = {Allroggen, Niklas and Tronicke, Jens},
  title     = {Attribute-based analysis of time-lapse ground-penetrating radar data},
  series = {Geophysics},
  volume    = {81},
  journal   = {Geophysics},
  publisher = {Society of Exploration Geophysicists},
  address   = {Tulsa},
  issn      = {0016-8033},
  doi       = {10.1190/GEO2015-0171.1},
  pages     = {H1 -- H8},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Analysis of time-lapse ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data can provide information regarding subsurface hydrological processes, such as preferential flow. However, the analysis of time-lapse data is often limited by data quality; for example, for noisy input data, the interpretation of difference images is often difficult. Motivated by modern image-processing tools, we have developed two robust GPR attributes, which allow us to distinguish amplitude (contrast similarity) and time-shift (structural similarity) variations related to differences between individual time-lapse GPR data sets. We tested and evaluated our attributes using synthetic data of different complexity. Afterward, we applied them to a field data example, in which subsurface flow was induced by an artificial rainfall event. For all examples, we identified our structural similarity attribute to be a robust measure for highlighting time-lapse changes also in data with low signal-to-noise ratios. We determined that our new attribute-based workflow is a promising tool to analyze time-lapse GPR data, especially for imaging subsurface hydrological processes.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{EllingSpiegelEstradaetal.2016,
  author    = {Elling, Felix J. and Spiegel, Cornelia and Estrada, Solveig and Davis, Donald W. and Reinhardt, Lutz and Henjes-Kunst, Friedhelm and Allroggen, Niklas and Dohrmann, Reiner and Piepjohn, Karsten and Lisker, Frank},
  title     = {Origin of Bentonites and Detrital Zircons of the Paleocene Basilika Formation, Svalbard},
  series = {Frontiers in Earth Science},
  volume    = {4},
  journal   = {Frontiers in Earth Science},
  publisher = {Frontiers Research Foundation},
  address   = {Lausanne},
  issn      = {2296-6463},
  doi       = {10.3389/feart.2016.00073},
  pages     = {23},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {The Paleocene was a time of transition for the Arctic, with magmatic activity of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP) giving way to magmatism of the North Atlantic Large Igneous Province in connection to plate tectonic changes in the Arctic and North Atlantic. In this study we investigate the Paleocene magmatic record and sediment pathways of the Basilika Formation exposed in the Central Tertiary Basin of Svalbard. By means of geochemistry, SmNd isotopic signatures, and zircon UPb geochronology we investigate the characteristics of several bentonite layers contained in the Basilika Formation, as well as the provenance of the intercalated clastic sediments. Our data show that the volcanic ash layers of the Basilika Formation, which were diagenetically altered to bentonites, originate from alkaline continental-rift magmatism such as the last, explosive stages of the HALIP in North Greenland and the Canadian Arctic. The volcanic ash layers were deposited on Svalbard in a flat shelf environment with dominant sediment supply from the east. Dating of detrital zircons suggests that the detritus was derived from Siberian sources, primarily from the Verkhoyansk Fold-and-Thrust Belt, which would require transport over similar to 3000 km across the Arctic.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{SchennenTronickeWetterichetal.2016,
  author    = {Schennen, Stephan and Tronicke, Jens and Wetterich, Sebastian and Allroggen, Niklas and Schwamborn, Georg and Schirrmeister, Lutz},
  title     = {3D ground-penetrating radar imaging of ice complex deposits in northern East Siberia},
  series = {Geophysics},
  volume    = {81},
  journal   = {Geophysics},
  publisher = {Society of Exploration Geophysicists},
  address   = {Tulsa},
  issn      = {0016-8033},
  doi       = {10.1190/GEO2015-0129.1},
  pages     = {WA195 -- WA202},
  year      = {2016},
  abstract  = {Ice complex deposits are characteristic, ice-rich formations in northern East Siberia and represent an important part in the arctic carbon pool. Recently, these late Quaternary deposits are the objective of numerous investigations typically relying on outcrop and borehole data. Many of these studies can benefit from a 3D structural model of the subsurface for upscaling their observations or for constraining estimations of inventories, such as the local carbon stock. We have addressed this problem of structural imaging by 3D ground-penetrating radar (GPR), which, in permafrost studies, has been primarily used for 2D profiling. We have used a 3D kinematic GPR surveying strategy at a field site located in the New Siberian Archipelago on top of an ice complex. After applying a 3D GPR processing sequence, we were able to trace two horizons at depths below 20 m. Taking available borehole and outcrop data into account, we have interpreted these two features as interfaces of major lithologic units and derived a 3D cryostratigraphic model of the subsurface. Our data example demonstrated that a 3D surveying and processing strategy was crucial at our field site and showed the potential of 3D GPR to image geologic structures in complex ice-rich permafrost landscapes.},
  language  = {en}
}