@article{DworkinKraheZinzow2021, author = {Dworkin, Emily R. and Krah{\´e}, Barbara and Zinzow, Heidi}, title = {The global prevalence of sexual assault}, series = {Psychology of violence}, volume = {11}, journal = {Psychology of violence}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Psychological Association}, address = {Washington}, issn = {2152-0828}, doi = {10.1037/vio0000374}, pages = {497 -- 508}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Objective: We present a review of peer-reviewed English-language studies conducted outside the United States and Canada on the prevalence of sexual assault victimization in adolescence and adulthood published since 2010. Method: A systematic literature search yielded 32 articles reporting on 45 studies from 29 countries. Studies that only provided prevalence estimates for sexual assault in intimate relationships or did not present separate rates for men and women were excluded. All studies were coded by two coders, and a risk of bias score was calculated for each study. Both past-year and prevalence rates covering longer periods were extracted. Results: The largest number of studies came from Europe (n = 21), followed by Africa (n = 11), Asia, and Latin America (n = 6 each). One study came from the Middle East and no studies were found from Oceania. Across the 22 studies that reported past-year prevalence rates, figures ranged from 0\% to 59.2\% for women, 0.3\% to 55.5\% for men, and 1.5\% to 18.2\% for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) samples. The average risk of bias score was 5.7 out of 10. Studies varied widely in methodology. Conclusion: Despite regional variation, most studies indicate that sexual assault is widespread. More sustained, systematic, and coordinated research efforts are needed to gauge the scale of sexual assault in different parts of the world and to develop prevention measures.}, language = {en} } @article{BonnetDongNaumannetal.2021, author = {Bonnet, Philippe and Dong, Xin Luna and Naumann, Felix and T{\"o}z{\"u}n, P{\i}nar}, title = {VLDB 2021}, series = {SIGMOD record}, volume = {50}, journal = {SIGMOD record}, number = {4}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, address = {New York}, issn = {0163-5808}, pages = {50 -- 53}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The 47th International Conference on Very Large Databases (VLDB'21) was held on August 16-20, 2021 as a hybrid conference. It attracted 180 in-person attendees in Copenhagen and 840 remote attendees. In this paper, we describe our key decisions as general chairs and program committee chairs and share the lessons we learned.}, language = {en} } @article{MarotChevalereSpatola2021, author = {Marot, Medhi and Cheval{\`e}re, Johann and Spatola, Nicolas}, title = {Depressed mood, a better predictor of social-distancing compliance and candidate for intervention compared to working memory capacity}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, volume = {118}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America}, number = {8}, publisher = {National Academy of Sciences}, address = {Washington}, issn = {0027-8424}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2024017118}, pages = {2}, year = {2021}, language = {en} } @article{GeigerReitenbachHenscheletal.2021, author = {Geiger, Christina and Reitenbach, Julija and Henschel, Cristiane and Kreuzer, Lucas and Widmann, Tobias and Wang, Peixi and Mangiapia, Gaetano and Moulin, Jean-Fran{\c{c}}ois and Papadakis, Christine M. and Laschewsky, Andr{\´e} and M{\"u}ller-Buschbaum, Peter}, title = {Ternary nanoswitches realized with multiresponsive PMMA-b-PNIPMAM films in mixed water/acetone vapor atmospheres}, series = {Advanced engineering materials}, volume = {23}, journal = {Advanced engineering materials}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1438-1656}, doi = {10.1002/adem.202100191}, pages = {12}, year = {2021}, abstract = {To systematically add functionality to nanoscale polymer switches, an understanding of their responsive behavior is crucial. Herein, solvent vapor stimuli are applied to thin films of a diblock copolymer consisting of a short poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) block and a long poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide) (PNIPMAM) block for realizing ternary nanoswitches. Three significantly distinct film states are successfully implemented by the combination of amphiphilicity and co-nonsolvency effect. The exposure of the thin films to nitrogen, pure water vapor, and mixed water/acetone (90 vol\%/10 vol\%) vapor switches the films from a dried to a hydrated (solvated and swollen) and a water/acetone-exchanged (solvated and contracted) equilibrium state. These three states have distinctly different film thicknesses and solvent contents, which act as switch positions "off," "on," and "standby." For understanding the switching process, time-of-flight neutron reflectometry (ToF-NR) and spectral reflectance (SR) studies of the swelling and dehydration process are complemented by information on the local solvation of functional groups probed with Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. An accelerated responsive behavior beyond a minimum hydration/solvation level is attributed to the fast build-up and depletion of the hydration shell of PNIPMAM, caused by its hydrophobic moieties promoting a cooperative hydration character.}, language = {en} } @article{HaileFuehnerGranacheretal.2021, author = {Haile, Sarah R. and F{\"u}hner, Thea Heidi and Granacher, Urs and Stocker, Julien and Radtke, Thomas and Kriemler, Susi}, title = {Reference values and validation of the 1-minute sit-to-stand test in healthy 5-16-year-old youth}, series = {BMJ open}, volume = {11}, journal = {BMJ open}, number = {5}, publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group}, address = {London}, issn = {2044-6055}, doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2021-049143}, pages = {7}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Objectives: It is essential to have simple, reliable and valid tests to measure children's functional capacity in schools or medical practice. The 1-minute sit-to-stand (STS) test is a quick fitness test requiring little equipment or space that is increasingly used in both healthy populations and those with chronic disease. We aimed to provide age-specific and sex-specific reference values of STS test in healthy children and adolescents and to evaluate its short-term reliability and construct validity. Design setting and participants: Cross-sectional convenience sample from six public schools and one science fair in central Europe. Overall, 587 healthy participants aged 5-16 years were recruited and divided into age groups of 3 years each. Outcomes: 1-minute STS. To evaluate short-term reliability, some children performed the STS test twice. To evaluate construct validity, some children also performed a standing long jump (SLJ) and a maximal incremental exercise test. Results: Data from 547 youth aged 5-16 years were finally included in the analyses. The median number of repetitions in 1 min in males (females) ranged from 55 [95\% CI: 38 to 72] (53 [95\% CI: 35 to 76]) in 14-16-year olds to 59 [95\% CI: 41 to 77] (60 [95\% CI: 38 to 77]) in 8-10-year olds. Children who repeated STS showed a learning effect of on average 4.8 repetitions more than the first test (95\% limits of agreement: -6.7 to 16.4). Moderate correlations were observed between the STS and the SLJ (r=0.48) tests and the maximal exercise test (r=0.43). Conclusions: The reported STS reference values can be used to interpret STS test performance in children and adolescents. The STS appears to have good test- retest reliability, but a learning effect of about 10\%. The association of STS with other measures of physical fitness should be further explored in a larger study and technical standards for its conduct are needed.}, language = {en} } @article{WiebelerVollbrechtNeubaetal.2021, author = {Wiebeler, Christian and Vollbrecht, Joachim and Neuba, Adam and Kitzerow, Heinz and Schumacher, Stefan}, title = {Unraveling the electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of neutral and negatively charged perylene tetraethylesters}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {11}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature}, address = {London}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-021-95551-0}, pages = {11}, year = {2021}, abstract = {A detailed investigation of the energy levels of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic tetraethylester as a representative compound for the whole family of perylene esters was performed. It was revealed via electrochemical measurements that one oxidation and two reductions take place. The bandgaps determined via the electrochemical approach are in good agreement with the optical bandgap obtained from the absorption spectra via a Tauc plot. In addition, absorption spectra in dependence of the electrochemical potential were the basis for extensive quantum-chemical calculations of the neutral, monoanionic, and dianionic molecules. For this purpose, calculations based on density functional theory were compared with post-Hartree-Fock methods and the CAM-B3LYP functional proved to be the most reliable choice for the calculation of absorption spectra. Furthermore, spectral features found experimentally could be reproduced with vibronic calculations and allowed to understand their origins. In particular, the two lowest energy absorption bands of the anion are not caused by absorption of two distinct electronic states, which might have been expected from vertical excitation calculations, but both states exhibit a strong vibronic progression resulting in contributions to both bands.}, language = {en} } @article{MelaniNagataSaalfrank2021, author = {Melani, Giacomo and Nagata, Yuki and Saalfrank, Peter}, title = {Vibrational energy relaxation of interfacial OH on a water-covered alpha-Al2O3(0001) surface}, series = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : PCCP ; a journal of European chemical societies}, volume = {23}, journal = {Physical chemistry, chemical physics : PCCP ; a journal of European chemical societies}, number = {13}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1463-9076}, doi = {10.1039/d0cp03777j}, pages = {7714 -- 7723}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Vibrational relaxation of adsorbates is a sensitive tool to probe energy transfer at gas/solid and liquid/solid interfaces. The most direct way to study relaxation dynamics uses time-resolved spectroscopy. Here we report on a non-equilibrium ab initio molecular dynamics (NE-AIMD) methodology to model vibrational relaxation of OH vibrations on a hydroxylated, water-covered alpha-Al2O3(0001) surface. In our NE-AIMD approach, after exciting selected O-H bonds their coupling to surface phonons and to the water adlayer is analyzed in detail, by following both the energy flow in time, as well as the time-evolution of Vibrational Density of States (VDOS) curves. The latter are obtained from Time-dependent Correlation Functions (TCFs) and serve as prototypical, generic representatives of time-resolved vibrational spectra. As most important results, (i) we find a few-picosecond lifetime of the excited modes and (ii) identify both hydrogen-bonded aluminols and water molecules in the adsorbed water layer as main dissipative channels, while the direct coupling to Al2O3 surface phonons is of minor importance on the timescales of interest. Our NE-AIMD/TCF methodology is powerful for complex adsorbate systems, in principle even reacting ones, and opens a way towards time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy.}, language = {en} } @article{WolffKlimmHabichtetal.2021, author = {Wolff, Nora and Klimm, Detlef and Habicht, Klaus and Fritsch, Katharina}, title = {Crystal growth and thermodynamic investigation of Bi2M2+O4 (M = Pd, Cu)}, series = {CrystEngComm / The Royal Society of Chemistry}, volume = {23}, journal = {CrystEngComm / The Royal Society of Chemistry}, number = {17}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {1466-8033}, doi = {10.1039/d1ce00220a}, pages = {3230 -- 3238}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Phase equilibria that are relevant for the growth of Bi2MO4 have been studied experimentally, and the ternary phase diagrams of Bi2O3-PdO2-Pd and Bi2O3-Cu2O-CuO and its isopleth section Bi2O3-CuO were redetermined. It is shown that every melting and crystallization process is always accompanied by a redox process at the phase boundary and that for both title compounds, the valence of the transition metal is lowered during melting. Vice versa, during crystal growth, O-2 must be transported through the melt to the phase boundary. Based on these new insights provided by our thermodynamic studies, Bi2CuO4 single crystals with a length of up to 7 cm and a diameter of 6 mm were grown by the OFZ technique to be used for investigations of magnetic, electronic and thermal transport properties. The grown crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Laue, magnetization and specific heat measurements.}, language = {en} } @article{WangFritschBerendtsetal.2021, author = {Wang, Zhenyu and Fritsch, Daniel and Berendts, Stefan and Lerch, Martin and Breternitz, Joachim and Schorr, Susan}, title = {Elucidation of the reaction mechanism for the synthesis of ZnGeN2 through Zn2GeO4 ammonolysis}, series = {Chemical science / RSC, Royal Society of Chemistry}, volume = {12}, journal = {Chemical science / RSC, Royal Society of Chemistry}, number = {24}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {2041-6539}, doi = {10.1039/d1sc00328c}, pages = {8493 -- 8500}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Ternary II-IV-N-2 materials have been considered as a promising class of materials that combine photovoltaic performance with earth-abundance and low toxicity. When switching from binary III-V materials to ternary II-IV-N-2 materials, further structural complexity is added to the system that may influence its optoelectronic properties. Herein, we present a systematic study of the reaction of Zn2GeO4 with NH3 that produces zinc germanium oxide nitrides, and ultimately approach stoichiometric ZnGeN2, using a combination of chemical analyses, X-ray powder diffraction and DFT calculations. Elucidating the reaction mechanism as being dominated by Zn and O extrusion at the later reaction stages, we give an insight into studying structure-property relationships in this emerging class of materials.}, language = {en} } @article{SaeediGarakaniXieKhorsandKheirabadetal.2021, author = {Saeedi Garakani, Sadaf and Xie, Dongjiu and Khorsand Kheirabad, Atefeh and Lu, Yan and Yuan, Jiayin}, title = {Template-synthesis of a poly(ionic liquid)-derived Fe1-xS/nitrogen-doped porous carbon membrane and its electrode application in lithium-sulfur batteries}, series = {Materials advances}, volume = {2}, journal = {Materials advances}, number = {15}, publisher = {Royal Society of Chemistry}, address = {Cambridge}, issn = {2633-5409}, doi = {10.1039/d1ma00441g}, pages = {5203 -- 5212}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This study deals with the facile synthesis of Fe1-xS nanoparticle-containing nitrogen-doped porous carbon membranes (denoted as Fe1-xS/N-PCMs) via vacuum carbonization of hybrid porous poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) membranes, and their successful use as a sulfur host material to mitigate the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. The hybrid porous PIL membranes as the sacrificial template were prepared via ionic crosslinking of a cationic PIL with base-neutralized 1,1 '-ferrocenedicarboxylic acid, so that the iron source was molecularly incorporated into the template. The carbonization process was investigated in detail at different temperatures, and the chemical and porous structures of the carbon products were comprehensively analyzed. The Fe1-xS/N-PCMs prepared at 900 degrees C have a multimodal pore size distribution with a satisfactorily high surface area and well-dispersed iron sulfide nanoparticles to physically and chemically confine the LiPSs. The sulfur/Fe1-xS/N-PCM composites were then tested as electrodes in Li-S batteries, showing much improved capacity, rate performance and cycle stability, in comparison to iron sulfide-free, nitrogen-doped porous carbon membranes.}, language = {en} }