@article{grosseDetersMeierMileketal.2021, author = {große Deters, Fenne and Meier, Tabea and Milek, Anne and Horn, Andrea B.}, title = {Self-focused and other-focused health concerns as predictors of the uptake of corona contact tracing apps}, series = {Journal of medical internet research}, volume = {23}, journal = {Journal of medical internet research}, number = {8}, publisher = {Centre of Global eHealth Innovation}, address = {Toronto}, issn = {1438-8871}, doi = {10.2196/29268}, pages = {15}, year = {2021}, abstract = {Background: Corona contact tracing apps are a novel and promising measure to reduce the spread of COVID-19. They can help to balance the need to maintain normal life and economic activities as much as possible while still avoiding exponentially growing case numbers. However, a majority of citizens need to be willing to install such an app for it to be effective. Hence, knowledge about drivers for app uptake is crucial. Objective: This study aimed to add to our understanding of underlying psychological factors motivating app uptake. More specifically, we investigated the role of concern for one's own health and concern to unknowingly infect others. Methods: A two-wave survey with 346 German-speaking participants from Switzerland and Germany was conducted. We measured the uptake of two decentralized contact tracing apps officially launched by governments (Corona-Warn-App, Germany; SwissCovid, Switzerland), as well as concerns regarding COVID-19 and control variables. Results: Controlling for demographic variables and general attitudes toward the government and the pandemic, logistic regression analysis showed a significant effect of self-focused concerns (odds ratio [OR] 1.64, P=.002). Meanwhile, concern of unknowingly infecting others did not contribute significantly to the prediction of app uptake over and above concern for one's own health (OR 1.01, P=.92). Longitudinal analyses replicated this pattern and showed no support for the possibility that app uptake provokes changes in levels of concern. Testing for a curvilinear relationship, there was no evidence that "too much" concern leads to defensive reactions and reduces app uptake. Conclusions: As one of the first studies to assess the installation of already launched corona tracing apps, this study extends our knowledge of the motivational landscape of app uptake. Based on this, practical implications for communication strategies and app design are discussed.}, language = {en} } @article{KhudairMarcuzziNgetal.2022, author = {Khudair, Mohammed and Marcuzzi, Anna and Ng, Kwok and Tempest, Gavin Daniel and Bartoš, František and Peric, Ratko and Maier, Maximilian and Beccia, Flavia and Boccia, Stefania and Brandes, Mirko and Cardon, Greet and Carlin, Angela and Castagna, Carolina and Chaabene, Helmi and Chalkley, Anna and Ciaccioni, Simone and Cieślińska-Świder, Joanna and Čingienė, Vilma and Cortis, Cristina and Corvino, Chiara and de Geus, Eco J. C. and Di Baldassarre, Angela and Di Credico, Andrea and Drid, Patrik and Tarazaga, Rosa Ma Fern{\´a}ndez and Gall{\`e}, Francesca and S{\´a}nchez, Esther Garcia and Gebremariam, Mekdes and Ghinassi, Barbara and Goudas, Marios and Hayes, Grainne and Honorio, Samuel and Izzicupo, Pascal and Jahre, Henriette and Jelsma, Judith and Juric, Petra and Kolovelonis, Athanasios and Kongsvold, Atle and Kouidi, Evangelia and Mansergh, Fiona and Masanovic, Bojan and Mekonnen, Teferi and Mork, Paul Jarle and Murphy, Marie and O'Hara, Kelly and Torun, Ayse Ozbil and Palumbo, Federico and Popovic, Stevo and Prieske, Olaf and Puharic, Zrinka and Ribeiro, Jos{\´e} Carlos and Rumbold, Penny Louise Sheena and Sandu, Petru and Soric, Maroje and Stavnsbo, Mette and Syrmpas, Ioannis and van der Ploeg, Hidde P. and Van Hoye, Aur{\´e}lie and Vilela, Sofia and Woods, Catherine and Wunsch, Kathrin and Caprinica, Laura and MacDonncha, Ciaran and Ling, Fiona Chun Man}, title = {DE-PASS Best Evidence Statement (BESt): modifiable determinants of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in children and adolescents aged 5-19 years-a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis}, series = {BMJ open}, volume = {12}, journal = {BMJ open}, number = {9}, publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group}, address = {London}, organization = {DE-PASS}, issn = {2044-6055}, doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059202}, pages = {8}, year = {2022}, abstract = {Introduction Physical activity among children and adolescents remains insufficient, despite the substantial efforts made by researchers and policymakers. Identifying and furthering our understanding of potential modifiable determinants of physical activity behaviour (PAB) and sedentary behaviour (SB) is crucial for the development of interventions that promote a shift from SB to PAB. The current protocol details the process through which a series of systematic literature reviews and meta-analyses (MAs) will be conducted to produce a best-evidence statement (BESt) and inform policymakers. The overall aim is to identify modifiable determinants that are associated with changes in PAB and SB in children and adolescents (aged 5-19 years) and to quantify their effect on, or association with, PAB/SB. Methods and analysis A search will be performed in MEDLINE, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PsychINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled trials (CTs) that investigate the effect of interventions on PAB/SB and longitudinal studies that investigate the associations between modifiable determinants and PAB/SB at multiple time points will be sought. Risk of bias assessments will be performed using adapted versions of Cochrane's RoB V.2.0 and ROBINS-I tools for RCTs and CTs, respectively, and an adapted version of the National Institute of Health's tool for longitudinal studies. Data will be synthesised narratively and, where possible, MAs will be performed using frequentist and Bayesian statistics. Modifiable determinants will be discussed considering the settings in which they were investigated and the PAB/SB measurement methods used. Ethics and dissemination No ethical approval is needed as no primary data will be collected. The findings will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and academic conferences where possible. The BESt will also be shared with policy makers within the DE-PASS consortium in the first instance. Systematic review registration CRD42021282874.}, language = {en} } @article{KuhlmannHellstroemRambergetal.2021, author = {Kuhlmann, Sabine and Hellstr{\"o}m, Mikael and Ramberg, Ulf and Reiter, Renate}, title = {Tracing divergence in crisis governance}, series = {International review of administrative sciences}, volume = {87}, journal = {International review of administrative sciences}, number = {3}, publisher = {Sage}, address = {Los Angeles, California}, issn = {0020-8523}, doi = {10.1177/0020852320979359}, pages = {556 -- 575}, year = {2021}, abstract = {This cross-country comparison of administrative responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in France, Germany and Sweden is aimed at exploring how institutional contexts and administrative cultures have shaped strategies of problem-solving and governance modes during the pandemic, and to what extent the crisis has been used for opportunity management. The article shows that in France, the central government reacted determinedly and hierarchically, with tough containment measures. By contrast, the response in Germany was characterized by an initial bottom-up approach that gave way to remarkable federal unity in the further course of the crisis, followed again by a return to regional variance and local discretion. In Sweden, there was a continuation of 'normal governance' and a strategy of relying on voluntary compliance largely based on recommendations and less - as in Germany and France - on a strategy of imposing legally binding regulations. The comparative analysis also reveals that relevant stakeholders in all three countries have used the crisis as an opportunity for changes in the institutional settings and administrative procedures.}, language = {en} } @article{ForsterHeinzel2021, author = {Forster, Timon and Heinzel, Mirko Noa}, title = {Reacting, fast and slow}, series = {Journal of European public policy}, volume = {28}, journal = {Journal of European public policy}, number = {8}, publisher = {Routledge, Taylor \& Francis Group}, address = {Abingdon}, issn = {1350-1763}, doi = {10.1080/13501763.2021.1942157}, pages = {1299 -- 1320}, year = {2021}, abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic created extraordinary challenges for governments to safeguard the well-being of their people. To what extent has leaders' reliance on scientific advice shaped government responses to the COVID-19 outbreak? We argue that leaders who tend to orient themselves on expert advice realized the extent of the crisis earlier. Consequently, these governments would adopt containment measures relatively quickly, despite the high uncertainty they faced. Over time, differences in government responses based on the use of science would dissipate due to herding effects. We test our argument on data combining 163 government responses to the pandemic with national- and individual-level characteristics. Consistent with our argument, we find that countries governed by politicians with a stronger technocratic mentality, approximated by holding a PhD, adopted restrictive containment measures faster in the early, but not in the later, stages of the crisis. This importance of expert-based leadership plausibly extends to other large-scale societal crises.}, language = {en} } @article{HermanussenSchefflerPulunganetal.2023, author = {Hermanussen, Michael and Scheffler, Christiane and Pulungan, Aman B. and Bandyopadhyay, Arup Ratan and Ghosh, Jyoti Ratan and {\"O}zdemir, Ay{\c{s}}eg{\"u}l and Koca {\"O}zer, Ba{\c{s}}ak and Musalek, Martin and Lebedeva, Lidia and Godina, Elena and Bogin, Barry and Tutkuviene, Janina and Budrytė, Milda and Gervickaite, Simona and Limony, Yehuda and Kirchengast, Sylvia and Buston, Peter and Groth, Detlef and R{\"o}sler, Antonia and Gasparatos, Nikolaos and Erofeev, Sergei and Novine, Masiar and Navazo, B{\´a}rbara and Dahinten, Silvia and Gomuła, Aleksandra and Nowak-Szczepańska, Natalia and Kozieł, Sławomir}, title = {Environment, social behavior, and growth}, series = {Human biology and public health}, volume = {1}, journal = {Human biology and public health}, publisher = {Universit{\"a}tsverlag Potsdam}, address = {Potsdam}, issn = {2748-9957}, doi = {10.52905/hbph2023.1.59}, pages = {14}, year = {2023}, abstract = {Twenty-four scientists met for the annual Auxological conference held at Krobielowice castle, Poland, to discuss the diverse influences of the environment and of social behavior on growth following last year's focus on growth and public health concerns (Hermanussen et al., 2022b). Growth and final body size exhibit marked plastic responses to ecological conditions. Among the shortest are the pygmoid people of Rampasasa, Flores, Indonesia, who still live under most secluded insular conditions. Genetics and nutrition are usually considered responsible for the poor growth in many parts of this world, but evidence is accumulating on the prominent impact of social embedding on child growth. Secular trends not only in the growth of height, but also in body proportions, accompany the secular changes in the social, economic and political conditions, with major influences on the emotional and educational circumstances under which the children grow up (Bogin, 2021). Aspects of developmental tempo and aspects of sports were discussed, and the impact of migration by the example of women from Bangladesh who grew up in the UK. Child growth was considered in particular from the point of view of strategic adjustments of individual size within the network of its social group. Theoretical considerations on network characteristics were presented and related to the evolutionary conservation of growth regulating hypothalamic neuropeptides that have been shown to link behavior and physical growth in the vertebrate species. New statistical approaches were presented for the evaluation of short term growth measurements that permit monitoring child growth at intervals of a few days and weeks.}, language = {en} } @article{MatthiasRisslingPieperetal.2020, author = {Matthias, Katja and Rissling, Olesja and Pieper, Dawid Aleksander and Morche, Johannes and Nocon, Marc and Jacobs, Anja and Wegewitz, Uta Elke and Schirm, Jaqueline and Lorenz, Robert C.}, title = {The methodological quality of systematic reviews on the treatment of adult major depression needs improvement according to AMSTAR 2}, series = {Heliyon}, volume = {6}, journal = {Heliyon}, number = {9}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {London [u.a.]}, issn = {2405-8440}, doi = {10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04776}, pages = {7}, year = {2020}, abstract = {Background: Several standards have been developed to assess methodological quality of systematic reviews (SR). One widely used tool is the AMSTAR. A recent update -AMSTAR 2 -is a 16 item evaluation tool that enables a detailed assessment of SR that include randomised (RCT) or non-randomised studies (NRS) of healthcare interventions. Methods: A cross-sectional study of SR on pharmacological or psychological interventions in major depression in adults was conducted. SR published during 2012-2017 were sampled from MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of SR. Methodological quality was assessed using AMSTAR 2. Potential predictive factors associated with quality were examined. Results: In rating overall confidence in the results of 60 SR four reviews were rated "high", two were "moderate", one was "low" and 53 were "critically low". The mean AMSTAR 2 percentage score was 45.3\% (standard deviation 22.6\%) in a wide range from 7.1\% to 93.8\%. Predictors of higher quality were: type of review (higher quality in Cochrane Reviews), SR including only randomized trials and higher journal impact factor. Limitations: AMSTAR 2 is not intended to be used for the generation of a percentage score. Conclusions: According to AMSTAR 2 the overall methodological quality of SR on the treatment of adult major depression needs improvement. Although there is a high need for summarized information in the field of mental health, this work demonstrates the need to critically assess SR before using their findings. Better adherence to established reporting guidelines for SR is needed.}, language = {en} } @article{Stoppel2021, author = {Stoppel, Relika}, title = {Alcohol availability and alcohol-attributable mortality}, series = {CESifo economic studies : CESifo, a joint initiative of the University of Munich's Center for Economic Studies and the Ifo Institute}, volume = {67}, journal = {CESifo economic studies : CESifo, a joint initiative of the University of Munich's Center for Economic Studies and the Ifo Institute}, number = {4}, publisher = {Oxford Univ. Press}, address = {Oxford}, issn = {1610-241X}, doi = {10.1093/cesifo/ifab008}, pages = {463 -- 487}, year = {2021}, abstract = {It is commonly known that irresponsible alcohol use can have adverse effects. For some people, it results in health problems, for others in productivity loss, and some experience the worst possible outcome of alcohol misuse - death. This paper estimates the effect of reduced alcohol sales hours on alcohol-attributable mortality (AAM) in Estonia. Using novel mortality data from 1997 to 2015, this paper analyzes the effect of alcohol sales policies at both the county level and the country level. By applying the difference-in-differences method and the ARIMA model, this paper finds that the alcohol sales policy reduced AAM to between 1.710 and 2.401 deaths per 100,000 per month, which equals a reduction of 31\% to 40\% in AAM deaths. These findings suggest that individuals who are the most at risk of dying from alcohol-attributable causes of death benefit remarkably from reduced alcohol availability.}, language = {en} }