@article{StreubelFritzTeltowetal.2018,
  author    = {Streubel, Susanna and Fritz, Michael Andre and Teltow, Melanie and Kappel, Christian and Sicard, Adrien},
  title     = {Successive duplication-divergence mechanisms at the RCO locus contributed to leaf shape diversity in the Brassicaceae},
  series = {Development : Company of Biologists},
  volume    = {145},
  journal   = {Development : Company of Biologists},
  number    = {8},
  publisher = {Company of Biologists},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {0950-1991},
  doi       = {10.1242/dev.164301},
  pages     = {10},
  year      = {2018},
  abstract  = {Gene duplication is a major driver for the increase of biological complexity. The divergence of newly duplicated paralogs may allow novel functions to evolve, while maintaining the ancestral one. Alternatively, partitioning the ancestral function among paralogs may allow parts of that role to follow independent evolutionary trajectories. We studied the REDUCED COMPLEXITY (RCO) locus, which contains three paralogs that have evolved through two independent events of gene duplication, and which underlies repeated events of leaf shape evolution within the Brassicaceae. In particular, we took advantage of the presence of three potentially functional paralogs in Capsella to investigate the extent of functional divergence among them. We demonstrate that the RCO copies control growth in different areas of the leaf. Consequently, the copies that are retained active in the different Brassicaceae lineages contribute to define the leaf dissection pattern. Our results further illustrate how successive gene duplication events and subsequent functional divergence can increase trait evolvability by providing independent evolutionary trajectories to specialized functions that have an additive effect on a given trait.},
  language  = {en}
}
@article{MareljaDambowskyBolisetal.2014,
  author    = {Marelja, Zvonimir and Dambowsky, Miriam and Bolis, Marco and Georgiou, Marina L. and Garattini, Enrico and Missirlis, Fanis and Leimk{\"u}hler, Silke},
  title     = {The four aldehyde oxidases of Drosophila melanogaster have different gene expression patterns and enzyme substrate specificities},
  series = {The journal of experimental biology},
  volume    = {217},
  journal   = {The journal of experimental biology},
  number    = {12},
  publisher = {Company of Biologists Limited},
  address   = {Cambridge},
  issn      = {0022-0949},
  doi       = {10.1242/jeb.102129},
  pages     = {2201 -- 2211},
  year      = {2014},
  abstract  = {In the genome of Drosophila melanogaster, four genes coding for aldehyde oxidases (AOX1-4) were identified on chromosome 3. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the AOX gene cluster evolved via independent duplication events in the vertebrate and invertebrate lineages. The functional role and the substrate specificity of the distinct Drosophila AOX enzymes is unknown. Two loss-of-function mutant alleles in this gene region, low pyridoxal oxidase (Po-lpo) and aldehyde oxidase-1 (Aldox-1(n1)) are associated with a phenotype characterized by undetectable AOX enzymatic activity. However, the genes involved and the corresponding mutations have not yet been identified. In this study we characterized the activities, substrate specificities and expression profiles of the four AOX enzymes in D. melanogaster. We show that the Po-lpo-associated phenotype is the consequence of a structural alteration of the AOX1 gene. We identified an 11-bp deletion in the Po-lpo allele, resulting in a frame-shift event, which removes the molybdenum cofactor domain of the encoded enzyme. Furthermore, we show that AOX2 activity is detectable only during metamorphosis and characterize a Minos-AOX2 insertion in this developmental gene that disrupts its activity. We demonstrate that the Aldox-1(n1) phenotype maps to the AOX3 gene and AOX4 activity is not detectable in our assays.},
  language  = {en}
}