TY  - GEN
A1  - Elsner, Birgit
A1  - Adam, Maurits
T1  - Infants' goal prediction for simple action events
T2  - Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe
N2  - Looking times and gaze behavior indicate that infants can predict the goal state of an observed simple action event (e.g., object-directed grasping) already in the first year of life. The present paper mainly focuses on infants' predictive gaze-shifts toward the goal of an ongoing action. For this, infants need to generate a forward model of the to-be-obtained goal state and to disengage their gaze from the moving agent at a time when information about the action event is still incomplete. By about 6 months of age, infants show goal-predictive gaze-shifts, but mainly for familiar actions that they can perform themselves (e.g., grasping) and for familiar agents (e.g., a human hand). Therefore, some theoretical models have highlighted close relations between infants' ability for action-goal prediction and their motor development and/or emerging action experience. Recent research indicates that infants can also predict action goals of familiar simple actions performed by non-human agents (e.g., object-directed grasping by a mechanical claw) when these agents display agency cues, such as self-propelled movement, equifinality of goal approach, or production of a salient action effect. This paper provides a review on relevant findings and theoretical models, and proposes that the impacts of action experience and of agency cues can be explained from an action-event perspective. In particular, infants' goal-predictive gaze-shifts are seen as resulting from an interplay between bottom-up processing of perceptual information and top-down influences exerted by event schemata that store information about previously executed or observed actions.
T3  - Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe - 725 
KW  - action events
KW  - infant action-goal prediction
KW  - infant gaze behavior
KW  - eye tracking
KW  - feedforward processes
KW  - perception of agency cues
Y1  - 2021
UR  - https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/51665
UR  - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-516657
SN  - 1866-8364
IS  - 1
SP  - 45
EP  - 62
ER  -