TY  - JOUR
A1  - Reza, M. Toufiq
A1  - Rottler, Erwin
A1  - Herklotz, Laureen
A1  - Wirth, Benjamin
T1  - Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of wheat straw: Influence of feedwater pH prepared by acetic acid and potassium hydroxide
T2  - Bioresource technology : biomass, bioenergy, biowastes, conversion technologies, biotransformation, production technologies
N2  - In this study, influence of feedwater pH (2-12) was studied for hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of wheat straw at 200 and 260 degrees C. Acetic acid and KOH were used as acidic and basic medium, respectively. Hydrochars were characterized by elemental and fiber analyses, SEM, surface area, pore volume and size, and ATR-FTIR, while HTC process liquids were analyzed by HPLC and GC. Both hydrochar and HTC process liquid qualities vary with feedwater pH. At acidic pH, cellulose and elemental carbon increase in hydrochar, while hemicellulose and pseudo-lignin decrease. Hydrochars produced at pH 2 feedwater has 2.7 times larger surface area than that produced at pH 12. It also has the largest pore volume (1.1 x 10(-1) ml g(-1)) and pore size (20.2 nm). Organic acids were increasing, while sugars were decreasing in case of basic feedwater, however, phenolic compounds were present only at 260 degrees C and their concentrations were increasing in basic feedwater. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
KW  - Hydrothermal carbonization
KW  - HTC biochar
KW  - pH
KW  - Fiber analysis
KW  - Pore analysis
Y1  - 2015
UR  - https://publishup.uni-potsdam.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/39057
SN  - 0960-8524
SN  - 1873-2976
VL  - 182
SP  - 336
EP  - 344
PB  - Elsevier
CY  - Oxford
ER  -