TY  - RPRT
A1  - Marcus, Jan
A1  - Siedler, Thomas
A1  - Ziebarth, Nicolas R.
T1  - The Long-Run Effects of Sports Club Vouchers for Primary School Children
T2  - CEPA Discussion Papers
N2  - Starting in 2009, the German state of Saxony distributed sports club membership vouchers among all 33,000 third graders in the state. The policy’s objective was to encourage them to develop a long-term habit of exercising. In 2018, we carried out a large register-based survey among several cohorts in Saxony and two neighboring states. Our difference-in-differences estimations show that, even after a decade, awareness of the voucher program was significantly higher in the treatment group. We also find that youth received and redeemed the vouchers. However, we do not find significant short- or long-term effects on sports club membership, physical activity, overweightness, or motor skills.
T3  - CEPA Discussion Papers - 34 
KW  - physical activity
KW  - voucher
KW  - primary school
KW  - obesity
KW  - habit formation
KW  - objective health measures
KW  - school health examinations
KW  - windfall gains
KW  - crowding out
KW  - taxpayer subsidies
Y1  - 2021
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-508978
SN  - 2628-653X
IS  - 34
ER  - 
TY  - RPRT
A1  - Matthewes, Sönke Hendrik
A1  - Ventura, Guglielmo
T1  - On Track to Success?
BT  - Returns to Vocational Education Against Different Alternatives
T2  - CEPA Discussion Papers
N2  - Many countries consider expanding vocational curricula in secondary education to boost skills and labour market outcomes among non-university-bound students. However, critics fear this could divert other students from more profitable academic education. We study labour market returns to vocational education in England, where until recently students chose between a vocational track, an academic track and quitting education at age 16. Identification is challenging because self-selection is strong and because students’ next-best alternatives are unknown. Against this back- drop, we leverage multiple instrumental variables to estimate margin-specific treatment effects, i.e., causal returns to vocational education for students at the margin with academic education and, separately, for students at the margin with quitting education. Identification comes from variation in distance to the nearest vocational provider conditional on distance to the nearest academic provider (and vice-versa), while controlling for granular student, school and neighbourhood characteristics. The analysis is based on population-wide administrative education data linked to tax records. We find that the vast majority of marginal vocational students are indifferent be- tween vocational and academic education. For them, vocational enrolment substantially decreases earnings at age 30. This earnings penalty grows with age and is due to wages, not employment. However, consistent with comparative advantage, the penalty is smaller for students with higher revealed preferences for the vocational track. For the few students at the margin with no further education, we find merely tentative evidence of increased employment and earnings from vocational enrolment.
T3  - CEPA Discussion Papers - 58 
KW  - vocational education
KW  - returns to education
KW  - multi-valued treatment
KW  - instrumental variables
Y1  - 2022
U6  - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus4-567253
SN  - 2628-653X
IS  - 58
ER  -